Tables allow you to effectively structure data in a report, essay, or research paper. However, after you create a table, you may find that you need to move it somewhere else. We'll show you how to move a table in Google Docs.
Just like moving a table in Microsoft Word, you have more than one way to move a table in Google Docs. In addition to moving a table to a different location, you may also want to “align” it in your document.
See also: How to insert a text box in Google Docs

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Drag to move a table in Google Docs
If you only want to move your table a short distance, such as to a location on the same page, the simplest option is to drag and drop it where you want it.
Select the entire table. You can do this by dragging your cursor to each cell and highlighting your table in blue. Make sure the entire table is selected.

Click on the table and use the cursor to drag it to its new location in the document. You will see the cursor location in the document turn blue, so you will know you are in the right place.

Then release to place the panel in its new position.

If you have difficulty moving the table this way, select the Undo button on the toolbar to return the table to where it was.
See also: Google Docs: How to add an image as a background to the document?
Cut and paste to move a table
You may need to move your table to a different section of your document. This can be difficult to move. To avoid difficulties, use the cut and paste actions.
Select the entire table as described above by dragging the cursor through it to highlight it in blue.
Then, right-click or select “Edit” from the menu and select “Cut.” You can also use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+X on Windows or Command+X on Mac.

Place your cursor where you want the table in your document. Then, right-click or select “Edit” from the menu. Then, select “Paste.” Alternatively, use Ctrl+V on Windows or Command+V on Mac to paste the table.

You will then see your table appear in its new location.

Align a table in Google Docs
Moving a table isn't always about giving it a new home in your document. You might want to move it so that it's centered, or to the left, or to the right.
Right-click anywhere in your table and select “Table Properties” from the shortcut menu.

This opens the Table Properties sidebar on the right. Expand the Alignment section and use the Table Alignment drop-down box to select left, center, or right.

You will then see your table aligned within the document.

Keep in mind that your margins affect these alignments in your document.
Information source: howtogeek.com
